After providing a historical context covering the salient features of the last two centuries which have seen great changes in socioeconomic fortunes and political subordination, this article attempts aconceptualisation on Roma’s exclusion which constitutes an important part of the ‘poverty problem’ accompanying Romania’s transition from communism to EU accession, including social studies which frequently portray the Roma as a disadvantaged group suffering relatively low living standards. It is also examined the foreign initiatives, tension, housing, school, government and EU programmes for Roma as well as a reality of the Roma situation in the south-west and west of Romania (Banat and Crisana regions).
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